The sedan Moskvich 401 1954 - 1956 year modification 1.1 MT (26 hp)

Moskvich 401: A Classic Russian Sedan

The Moskvich 401, produced between 1954 and 1956, is a classic example of post-war Soviet automotive engineering. As a compact sedan, it was designed to meet the needs of the average Russian family, offering practicality, durability, and simplicity. With its modest 26 horsepower engine and rear-wheel drive, the Moskvich 401 was not built for speed but for reliability and ease of maintenance. Its historical significance and straightforward design make it a fascinating piece of automotive history.

Performance and Engine Specifications

Under the hood, the Moskvich 401 features a 1.1-liter, four-cylinder petrol engine with a carburetor fuel system. Producing 26 horsepower at 4000 rpm and 58 Nm of torque at 2200 rpm, this engine is designed for efficiency rather than performance. The car achieves a maximum speed of 90 km/h, making it suitable for city driving and light highway use. Its combined fuel consumption of 9 liters per 100 km is reasonable for its era, though it may not meet modern efficiency standards. The engine's simplicity and low compression ratio of 6.27 make it easy to maintain, even for amateur mechanics.

Design and Dimensions

The Moskvich 401 boasts a compact yet functional design, with a length of 3855 mm, a width of 1400 mm, and a height of 1555 mm. Its wheelbase of 2340 mm provides a stable ride, while the ground clearance of 200 mm ensures it can handle rough roads with ease. The sedan body type offers ample space for four passengers, and the 31-liter fuel tank provides decent range for its time. With a curb weight of 780 kg and a gross weight of 1155 kg, the car is lightweight, contributing to its modest fuel consumption.

Suspension and Braking System

The Moskvich 401 is equipped with an independent front suspension with springs and a dependent rear suspension with leaf springs. This setup ensures a comfortable ride, even on uneven surfaces. The drum brakes on both the front and rear wheels provide adequate stopping power, though they may not match the performance of modern disc brakes. The car's rear-wheel-drive configuration and simple mechanical transmission with three gears make it easy to operate, even for inexperienced drivers.

Pros and Cons of the Moskvich 401

The Moskvich 401 has several advantages, including its historical significance, ease of maintenance, and durable construction. Its lightweight design and efficient engine make it a practical choice for those seeking a classic car with character. However, its low horsepower and outdated braking system may not appeal to those accustomed to modern vehicles. Additionally, the lack of advanced features, such as power steering or air conditioning, may be a drawback for some buyers.

Conclusion

The Moskvich 401 is a testament to the ingenuity of Soviet automotive engineering in the post-war era. While it may not offer the performance or luxury of modern cars, its simplicity, durability, and historical value make it a unique and appealing choice for collectors and enthusiasts. Whether you're drawn to its classic design or its role in automotive history, the Moskvich 401 is a car that deserves recognition and appreciation.